Serum and cerebrospinal fluid enzymes in subarachnoid haemorrhage

Serum levels of creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzyme CK-MB, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (HBDH), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were studied in 50 patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. In 18 cases the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was also examined for total concentration of CK and CK-MB. The results were correlated with the degree of neurological deterioration, the angiographic spasm and prognosis. Concurrent increase of CK-MB, LDH and HBDH serum levels indicates a poor prognosis, whereas increase of GOT and GPT does not have clinical significance. High CK-MB levels in CSF were associated with the worst clinical evolution. However, increase of serum enzymes coincided in most cases with the appearance of the spasm. Monitoring of CK-MB, LDH and HBDH serum levels can be useful for following the evolution of the spasm and in predicting the outcome for patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage.