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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The...
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Related Experiment Video

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The role of hypercoagulability in ischemic colitis.

Achilleas G Tsimperidis1, Andreas N Kapsoritakis, Ioanna A Linardou

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly , Larissa , Greece.

Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology
|February 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Hypercoagulability, a state of increased blood clotting, is linked to ischemic colitis (IC). This study found specific genetic factors and low protein C and antithrombin levels contribute to IC development.

Keywords:
activated protein C resistanceantithrombin III deficiencyfibrinogenischemic colitisprotein C deficiencyprotein S deficiencythrombophilia

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Ischemic colitis (IC) is a condition where blood flow to the colon is reduced, leading to inflammation and tissue damage.
  • The role of thrombophilia, or a tendency to form blood clots, in the development of IC is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thrombophilia-hypercoagulability and the occurrence of ischemic colitis.
  • To identify specific thrombophilic factors that may predict the risk of developing IC.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated thrombophilic factors and fibrinogen levels in 56 IC patients and 44 controls.
  • Assessed various markers including protein C (PC), antithrombin (AT), activated protein C resistance (APCR), lupus anticoagulant (LA), Factor V Leiden mutation, prothrombin mutation, MTHFR gene mutations, and PAI-1 polymorphisms.

Main Results:

  • IC patients showed lower PC and AT levels, and lower APCR.
  • Elevated fibrinogen levels and a higher prevalence of PAI-1 5G/4G polymorphisms were observed in the IC group.
  • Multivariate analysis identified PAI-1 5G/4G polymorphism, APCR, and fibrinogen as significant predictors of IC.

Conclusions:

  • Hypercoagulability, whether inherited or acquired, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of ischemic colitis.
  • Specific thrombophilic factors are associated with an increased risk of developing IC.