Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

37
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
37
Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

63
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
63
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

50.8K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.8K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

364
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
364
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

1
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
1
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

365
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
365

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Vascular access devices and hospital-onset bacteremia beyond CLABSI: An observational cohort study.

Journal of infection prevention·2026
Same author

Cost analysis of urine testing for hospitalized patients in the emergency department.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)·2025
Same author

Evaluating Cefepime Dosing Strategies in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Bacteremia: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis.

The Annals of pharmacotherapy·2025
Same author

Demographics, Complications, and Management of Genitourinary Gunshot Wounds: National Trauma Data Bank Analysis.

Urology·2025
Same author

Impact of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) on Serum Concentrations of Cefepime.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

A comparison of clinical outcomes associated with dosing metronidazole every 8 hours versus every 12 hours: a systematic review and metaanalysis.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Zika Virus Infectious Cell Culture System and the In Vitro Prophylactic Effect of Interferons
09:11

Zika Virus Infectious Cell Culture System and the In Vitro Prophylactic Effect of Interferons

Published on: August 23, 2016

21.6K

Hepatitis C therapy: Looking toward interferon-sparing regimens.

Trang H Au, Christopher J Destache, Renuga Vivekanandan

    Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
    |February 7, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    New direct-acting agents offer a cure for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, improving treatment response with fewer side effects. These advanced therapies provide hope for patients previously unable to tolerate traditional treatments.

    More Related Videos

    A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
    13:04

    A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

    Published on: June 26, 2014

    24.9K
    Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
    16:49

    Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

    Published on: July 16, 2012

    12.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

    Zika Virus Infectious Cell Culture System and the In Vitro Prophylactic Effect of Interferons
    09:11

    Zika Virus Infectious Cell Culture System and the In Vitro Prophylactic Effect of Interferons

    Published on: August 23, 2016

    21.6K
    A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
    13:04

    A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

    Published on: June 26, 2014

    24.9K
    Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors
    16:49

    Two Methods of Heterokaryon Formation to Discover HCV Restriction Factors

    Published on: July 16, 2012

    12.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology and Viral Gastroenterology
    • Infectious Diseases and Public Health

    Background:

    • Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a significant global health burden, leading to severe liver conditions like cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
    • Traditional treatments involving pegylated interferon and ribavirin have limitations in efficacy and tolerability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the epidemiology and pathophysiology of chronic HCV infection.
    • To examine current and investigational treatments for HCV, focusing on interferon-free therapies.
    • To summarize clinical trial data for novel HCV agents.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature search of PubMed (2004-2014) using terms related to hepatitis C and specific antiviral agents.
    • Inclusion of news articles and releases on clinical trials and regulatory filings.
    • Study selection based on clinical relevance and national treatment guidelines.

    Main Results:

    • Direct-acting antiviral agents, such as sofosbuvir and simeprevir, demonstrate improved treatment response and tolerability compared to older therapies.
    • Treatment regimens are tailored based on HCV genotype, patient history, and risk factors.
    • High sustained virologic response rates are achievable, offering a potential cure and improved quality of life, despite high costs.

    Conclusions:

    • New anti-HCV agents offer effective and safe treatment options for chronic hepatitis C.
    • These novel medications provide realistic hope for a cure for many patients, marking a significant advancement in HCV management.