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Update on inflammation in chronic kidney disease
Oleh M Akchurin1, Frederick Kaskel
1Weill Cornell College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York, N.Y., USA.
Blood Purification
|February 10, 2015
Summary
Chronic inflammation is a key factor in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), contributing to high mortality rates. Lifestyle changes and dietary supplements show promise in managing inflammation in CKD patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are associated with high morbidity and mortality.
- Persistent low-grade inflammation is a significant factor in CKD pathophysiology, contributing to cardiovascular events, mortality, and protein-energy wasting.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the contributing factors to chronic inflammation in CKD.
- To discuss interventions targeting inflammation in CKD patients.
- To highlight the role of inflammation in dialysis patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of factors contributing to inflammation in CKD.
- Analysis of interventions for managing inflammation in CKD.
- Examination of the role of extracorporeal factors in dialysis-related inflammation.
Main Results:
- Multiple factors, including cytokine dysregulation, oxidative stress, infections, and gut dysbiosis, contribute to inflammation in CKD.
- Inflammation severity correlates with declining glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
- Dialysis patients experience additional inflammatory triggers from extracorporeal circuits and dialysate.
Conclusions:
- Chronic inflammation is a common comorbidity in CKD and dialysis patients.
- Interventions like physical activity modification and dietary supplementation are safe and effective.
- Further research is needed to assess intervention effects on hard outcomes and explore inflammation in specific CKD populations.
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