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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Echocardiographic Approaches and Protocols for Comprehensive Phenotypic Characterization of Valvular Heart Disease in Mice
Published on: February 14, 2017
Evaluation of prosthetic valve dysfunction with the use of echocardiography
1The Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA; The Heart Institute, Sheba Medical Center, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Abstract:
Prosthetic heart valves (PHVs) are classified as either mechanical or biological. Each valve type has its own risk-to-benefit ratio, unique hemodynamic profile, and Doppler findings, which are also affected by the valve size and the patient's body surface area. Transthoracic echocardiography, along with two- and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, including color and spectral Doppler, are each important for the comprehensive evaluation of PHVs and to identify the presence and mechanism of valve dysfunction.
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