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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

63
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
63
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

1
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Diphtheria01:28

Diphtheria

146
Diphtheria is an acute, toxin-mediated infectious disease that primarily affects the upper respiratory tract. It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a Gram-positive, pleomorphic rod that lacks spore-forming capability and exhibits a characteristic club-shaped morphology under microscopic examination. While C. diphtheriae can asymptomatically colonize mucosal surfaces, clinical disease manifests only when the bacterial strain is lysogenized by a specific β-corynephage. This phage...
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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

46
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

3
Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
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Hepatitis E virus infection presenting with paraesthesia.

Susan Bennett1, Kathy Li2, Rory N Gunson3

  • 1Pre-registered Clinical Scientist, West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, UK Susan.bennett@ggc.scot.nhs.uk.

Scottish Medical Journal
|February 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can cause neurological symptoms, even without typical liver issues. This case highlights HEV as a potential cause of neurological disorders in Scotland.

Keywords:
Hepatitis E virusneurologicalparaesthesia

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is increasingly recognized in developed nations.
  • Neurological manifestations are an emerging feature of both acute and chronic HEV infection, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.

Observation:

  • A 77-year-old female presented with paresthesia and abnormal liver function tests.
  • Serological testing confirmed Hepatitis E virus IgM, IgG, and RNA positivity.

Findings:

  • The patient's neurological symptoms and abnormal liver function tests resolved within three weeks.
  • This represents the first reported case in Scotland of Hepatitis E virus presenting exclusively with neurological symptoms.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering HEV infection in patients with unexplained neurological disorders, even in the absence of overt liver disease.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment of HEV can lead to complete resolution of neurological symptoms.