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Infant risk factors associated with internalizing, externalizing, and co-occurring behavior problems in young

Renee C Edwards1, Sydney L Hans1

  • 1School of Social Service Administration, The University of Chicago.

Developmental Psychology
|February 10, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Infant negative emotionality and family risk factors uniquely predict specific child behavior problems. Hostile parenting and infant distress are key, with combined risks for co-occurring issues.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • Understanding the etiology of early childhood behavior problems is crucial for timely intervention.
  • Differentiating between internalizing-only, externalizing-only, and co-occurring problems offers nuanced insights.
  • The interplay between infant temperament and family environment warrants further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct and interactive roles of infant negative emotionality and family risk factors.
  • To examine their contributions to the development of internalizing-only, externalizing-only, and co-occurring behavior problems.
  • To analyze how these associations evolve from infancy to early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 412 infants and primary caregivers.
  • Data collection included infant temperament assessments (5-7 months) and caregiver-reported child behavior ratings (2.5 and 5 years).
  • Mixed-effects multinomial logistic regression analyzed risk factors and behavior problem trajectories.

Main Results:

  • Hostile parenting predicted internalizing-only problems; infant distress predicted externalizing-only problems.
  • Maternal anxiety/depression, family conflict, and younger maternal age predicted co-occurring problems.
  • An interaction between infant anger and hostile parenting increased co-occurring problems early on, diminishing by age 5.

Conclusions:

  • Infant negative emotionality and family context significantly influence distinct behavior problem trajectories.
  • Differentiating between 'pure' and co-occurring problems is essential for understanding developmental pathways.
  • Findings highlight the need for integrated approaches considering both child and family factors in early intervention.

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