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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

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Distressing near-death experiences: the basics.

Nancy Evans Bush, Bruce Greyson

    Missouri Medicine
    |February 11, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Distressing near-death experiences (NDEs) present unique challenges due to cultural concepts of hell. Physicians should practice neutrality and active listening when addressing these profound events.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Cultural Studies

    Background:

    • Near-death experiences (NDEs) are altered states of consciousness.
    • Distressing NDEs, though less publicized than pleasurable ones, are significant phenomena.
    • Western cultural concepts, particularly the Christian association of hell with eternal torment, complicate the understanding and impact of distressing NDEs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the challenges posed by distressing near-death experiences.
    • To provide guidance for healthcare professionals in managing patients who have undergone distressing NDEs.
    • To highlight the need for culturally sensitive and neutral approaches in clinical practice.

    Main Methods:

    • Qualitative analysis of existing literature on NDEs and cultural perceptions.

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  • Review of clinical case studies and anecdotal reports.
  • Synthesis of psychological and cultural theories related to consciousness and NDEs.

    • Main Results:

    • Distressing NDEs create profound and durable life events for individuals.
    • These experiences pose significant challenges for patients, their families, and healthcare providers.
    • Lack of clear clinical data and universal cultural consensus complicates management.

    Conclusions:

    • Physicians require guidance to navigate the complexities of distressing NDEs.
    • A neutral stance and attentive listening are recommended as best professional practices.
    • Further research is needed to establish clear clinical protocols for distressing NDEs.