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Related Concept Videos

RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends02:35

RACE - Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends

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Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends, or RACE, is one of the most effective methods to obtain a full-length cDNA from an mRNA sequence between a known internal region to the unknown sequence at the 5’ or 3’ end. The unknown region is cloned in the cDNA by a gene-specific primer that binds the known end, and a hybrid primer that attaches a predefined anchor sequence to the unknown end of the cDNA. The sequence in between is amplified by PCR with an anchor primer and a gene-specific...
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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Mitochondrial protein import is powered by two distinct energy sources: ATP hydrolysis and electrochemical potential across the inner membrane. Newly synthesized precursors are bound by cytosolic chaperones of the Hsp70 family, which guide them to the import receptors on the mitochondrial surface. Utilizing the energy of ATP hydrolysis, Hsp70 chaperones transfer these precursors to the TOM receptors on the mitochondrial outer membrane.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects
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Relocating race: introdution.

Suman Seth

    Isis; an International Review Devoted to the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences
    |February 11, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study revisits foundational ideas in the history of race science. By examining race across different disciplines, locations, and eras, it challenges established views on race science

    Area of Science:

    • History of Science
    • Sociology of Race
    • Critical Race Theory

    Background:

    • Revisiting Nancy Stepan's seminal work, "The Idea of Race in Science" (1982).
    • Stepan's original work primarily analyzed metropolitan scientists between 1800-1960.
    • This collection expands the scope beyond Stepan's focus.

    Observation:

    • Examines the concept of race through the lenses of discipline, geography, and historical period.
    • Highlights the variability of "racial" thinking across diverse contexts.
    • Seeks to "make strange" conventional understandings of race science.

    Findings:

    • Race science manifested differently across various disciplines, geographical locations, and historical periods.
    • Relocating race reveals diverse conditions that enabled its scientific conceptualization.

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  • Challenges the monolithic view of historical race science.

    • Implications:

    • Provides a more nuanced understanding of the historical development of race science.
    • Encourages critical re-evaluation of the assumptions underlying past and present race concepts.
    • Offers new perspectives for studying the social construction of race in scientific discourse.