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Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

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Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators01:23

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Vasodilators, primarily affecting the smooth muscles within arterial and venous walls, are commonly used for hypertension treatment. Medications such as minoxidil and hydralazine primarily target arteries and arterioles, while sodium nitroprusside acts on arterioles and venules. Minoxidil, functioning as a prodrug, is metabolized by hepatic sulfotransferase into its active form, minoxidil sulfate, after oral administration. This metabolite binds to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) component of...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
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A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects
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Delivering nitric oxide with nanoparticles.

John F Quinn1, Michael R Whittaker1, Thomas P Davis2

  • 1ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 399 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3152, Australia.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|February 11, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticle systems offer sustained nitric oxide (NO) delivery for therapeutic applications. This review covers NO-releasing nanoparticles and their potential in wound healing, cardiovascular disease, and cancer treatment.

Keywords:
GasotransmitterNanoparticleNitric oxideTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) plays crucial roles in human physiology and has significant therapeutic potential.
  • Developing effective delivery systems for exogenous nitric oxide is an active area of research.
  • Nanoparticle-based systems are being investigated for sustained and controlled nitric oxide release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various nanoparticle systems designed for nitric oxide delivery.
  • To explore the potential therapeutic applications of these nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles.
  • To discuss future directions for nitric oxide-based nanoparticle technology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on nanoparticle systems for nitric oxide delivery.
  • Discussion of modified sol-gel silica particles, functionalized metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, polymer-coated metal nanoparticles, dendrimers, micelles, and star polymers.
  • Analysis of reported therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

  • Several types of nanoparticles have been engineered for nitric oxide release.
  • Potential therapeutic applications include wound healing, antimicrobial treatments, cardiovascular therapies, sexual medicine, and cancer treatment.
  • The technology shows versatility and significant potential.

Conclusions:

  • Nanoparticle-based nitric oxide delivery systems are a promising area of therapeutic development.
  • Further research into these systems could lead to novel treatments across various medical fields.
  • Future directions involve refining nanoparticle design and exploring new applications.