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Melioidosis: a report of two cases
Dimple M Jamkhandi1, Reginald Alex1, Kuryan George1
1Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India- Department of Community Health and Development.
The National Medical Journal of India
|February 11, 2015
Summary
Melioidosis, a bacterial infection, is increasingly diagnosed in India. Early recognition is crucial as it mimics tuberculosis, often leading to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment for pyrexia of unknown origin.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in India, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei.
- The disease often presents with non-specific symptoms, mimicking other infections like tuberculosis.
- Delayed diagnosis can lead to severe complications and increased mortality.
Observation:
- Two cases of melioidosis presenting with pyrexia of unknown origin are reported.
- Both patients exhibited a localized cutaneous abscess on the chest wall.
- Initial clinical presentation suggested tuberculosis, leading to empirical antitubercular treatment.
Findings:
- Melioidosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pyrexia of unknown origin in India.
- Cutaneous abscess can be a presenting sign of melioidosis.
- Misdiagnosis as tuberculosis is a common pitfall, delaying appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Implications:
- Increased awareness among clinicians is necessary for prompt diagnosis of melioidosis.
- Diagnostic protocols should include melioidosis in the differential for pyrexia of unknown origin, especially with cutaneous manifestations.
- Timely and accurate diagnosis can improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden of misdiagnosed tuberculosis.
