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    Psychogenic movement disorders, also known as functional movement disorders, cause significant disability. While cognitive behavioral therapy shows some benefit, the prognosis for these psychiatric-neurological conditions remains poor.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Psychogenic movement disorders (PMDs) originate from psychiatric conditions, not primary neurological issues.
    • Alternative terminology includes 'functional movement disorder'.
    • These disorders present with debilitating symptoms, often leading to long-term disability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the nosology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies for PMDs.

    Main Methods:

    • A review of recent, selected scientific literature was conducted.

    Main Results:

    • Stress impacts motor control by affecting brain centers for planning and action monitoring.
    • Patients frequently receive a diagnosis of 'conversion disorder'.
    • Multidisciplinary treatment involving neurological and psychiatric support is crucial, though cognitive behavioral therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation offer limited efficacy.

    Conclusions:

    • PMDs share characteristics with conversion disorders.
    • Cognitive behavioral therapy demonstrates some positive effects.
    • The overall prognosis for patients with psychogenic movement disorders remains guarded.