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A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

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Uric acid in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a 2-year longitudinal study.

Marcello Moccia¹, Roberta Lanzillo, Teresa Costabile

¹Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.

Journal of Neurology

|February 13, 2015

Summary

Uric acid (UA) levels progressively decrease in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) over two years. This reduction correlates with increased disability, relapse risk, and cognitive decline, indicating lower antioxidant reserves.

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Area of Science:

Neuroimmunology
Biochemistry
Clinical Neurology

Background:

Uric acid (UA) is an antioxidant with reduced levels observed in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Lower UA levels are associated with MS relapses and higher disability scores.
The longitudinal changes in UA and their relationship with MS progression are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate UA variations in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients over a 2-year period.
To assess the relationship between UA changes and clinical relapses, disability progression (EDSS), and cognitive function (SDMT).

Main Methods:

Retrospective longitudinal study of 141 RRMS patients.
Evaluation of UA levels, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) at baseline and after 2-year follow-up.
Statistical analyses included paired t-tests, logistic regression, and Cox regression.

Main Results:

UA levels significantly decreased from baseline (4.167 ± 1.207 mg/dL) to 2-year follow-up (3.987 ± 1.135 mg/dL) (p = 0.001).
Reduced UA levels at follow-up were associated with sustained EDSS progression (p < 0.001) and showed a trend towards increased relapse risk.
Lower baseline and follow-up UA levels correlated with impaired SDMT scores, indicating poorer cognitive function.

Conclusions:

This study demonstrates a progressive decline in UA levels during RRMS.
The findings suggest a decrease in antioxidant capacity over time in RRMS patients.
Progressive UA reduction is linked to increased risk of relapse, disability progression, and cognitive impairment in MS.