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Non-Invasive Modulation and Robotic Mapping of Motor Cortex in the Developing Brain
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Transspinal direct current stimulation immediately modifies motor cortex sensorimotor maps.

Weiguo Song1, Dennis Q Truong2, Marom Bikson2

  • 1Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York;

Journal of Neurophysiology
|February 13, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cathodal transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) of the rat cervical cord enhances spinal excitability and motor cortex plasticity. This spinal cord stimulation modifies the motor map, potentially improving motor function.

Keywords:
motor cortexmovement controlneuromodulationrehabilitationspinal cord

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Spinal Cord Stimulation

Background:

  • Motor cortex (MCX) representations reorganize after injury, learning, and stimulation.
  • Transspinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) is a neuromodulatory technique to enhance cortical motor responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if cathodal tsDCS (c-tsDCS) of the rat cervical cord can modify the MCX forelimb motor map.
  • To assess the effects of cervical c-tsDCS on spinal excitability and sensory processing in the MCX.

Main Methods:

  • Used a finite-element method model based on MRI and microcomputed tomography data to predict spinal current density.
  • Examined H-reflex, intracortical microstimulation (ICMS)-evoked responses, and sensory evoked potentials (SEPs).
  • Applied c-tsDCS to the rat cervical cord targeting the caudal cervical enlargement.

Main Results:

  • Cervical c-tsDCS enhanced the H-reflex, indicating increased spinal excitability.
  • c-tsDCS immediately modified the forelimb MCX motor map, decreasing thresholds and expanding the representation area.
  • c-tsDCS increased SEP amplitude in the MCX, with greater effects on motor than sensory responses.

Conclusions:

  • Cervical c-tsDCS augments spinal excitability in a spatially selective manner.
  • This spinal stimulation can induce motor cortex plasticity, potentially improving voluntary motor function.
  • Forelimb motor representation is more strongly affected by cervical c-tsDCS than hindlimb or vibrissal representation.