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Related Concept Videos

Solution Concentration and Dilution02:59

Solution Concentration and Dilution

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The relative amount of a given solution component is known as its concentration. Often, though not always, a solution contains one component with a concentration that is significantly greater than that of all other components. This component is called the solvent and may be viewed as the medium in which the other components are dispersed or dissolved. Solutions in which water is the solvent are, of course, very common on our planet. A solution in which water is the solvent is called an aqueous...
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Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

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Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
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Steady State Concentration01:05

Steady State Concentration

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A steady state refers to the level of a drug in the body once it has reached an equilibrium between administration and elimination. It represents the point at which the drug administration rate equals the drug elimination rate, resulting in a relatively constant concentration in the body over time. The dynamic equilibrium is crucial to ensure the drug's effectiveness with minimal risk of toxicity.
Most drugs are administered in repeated doses at fixed intervals or through continuous...
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Expressing Solution Concentration02:48

Expressing Solution Concentration

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A solute is a component of a solution that is typically present at a much lower concentration than the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
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Drug Concentrations: Measurements01:23

Drug Concentrations: Measurements

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Drug concentration is the quantity of a drug present in a biological sample. Measuring drug amounts in biological samples allows the clinician to understand how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Samples can be obtained through invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques involve surgical or parenteral interventions to gather blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissue biopsy. Conversely, non-invasive approaches provide samples like urine, feces, and saliva.
Plasma...
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Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods01:19

Precipitation Titration: Endpoint Detection Methods

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In argentometric precipitation titrations, endpoints can be detected visually by the Mohr, Volhard, and Fajans methods. In the Mohr method, adding a soluble chromate indicator gives an initial yellow color to the analyte solution. As the titrant is added, the first excess of silver ions forms a red silver chromate precipitate, marking the endpoint. The solution pH should be maintained at about 8 by adding solid CaCO3.
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Nanomechanics of Drug-target Interactions and Antibacterial Resistance Detection
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Smart pump custom concentrations without hard "low concentration" alerts.

Matthew Grissinger

    P & T : a Peer-Reviewed Journal for Formulary Management
    |February 13, 2015
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Smart pump errors in medication concentration can cause patient harm. Accurate programming is crucial for safe intravenous drug delivery and preventing adverse events.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Devices
    • Patient Safety
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Smart infusion pumps are critical for accurate medication delivery.
    • Errors in programming smart pumps, particularly concentration settings, pose a significant risk.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the potential for harm resulting from smart pump concentration mistakes.
    • To emphasize the importance of precise medication concentration programming.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of reported incidents involving smart pump errors.
    • Analysis of medication administration protocols and pump programming.

    Main Results:

    • Concentration mistakes with smart pumps have been linked to patient harm.
    • Inaccurate programming can lead to under- or over-delivery of medications.

    Conclusions:

    • Strict adherence to programming protocols is essential for smart pump safety.
    • Minimizing concentration errors is vital to prevent adverse patient outcomes.