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Influence of transglutaminase on the functions of mouse peritoneal macrophages
1Department of Microbiology, Tohoku College of Pharmacy, Miyagi.
Abstract:
Influence of transglutaminase on the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and on the release of active oxygen from mouse peritoneal macrophages was examined using cystamine and methylamine, an enzyme inhibitor and a substrate inhibitor, respectively. Casein-elicited or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-elicited macrophages have higher levels of transglutaminase activity in comparison with resident macrophages, and there exists a definite correlation between endocytosis of erythrocytes and transglutaminase activity in either group of macrophages. The release of IL-1 by resident macrophages stimulated with LPS in vitro was significantly inhibited by the treatment with both transglutaminase inhibitors. However, these inhibitors were not able to inhibit the release of IL-1 from casein-elicited macrophages stimulated with LPS in vitro. The production of active oxygen from LPS-elicited macrophages was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the treatment of macrophages with cystamine, but was not by the treatment with methylamine. However, the treatment of LPS-elicited macrophages with cystamine did not inhibit the uptake of glucose into macrophages. These results suggest that transglutaminase activity in mouse peritoneal macrophages is an important factor for macrophage functions.
Insights
Transglutaminase activity influences macrophage functions, including interleukin-1 (IL-1) production and active oxygen release. Inhibiting this enzyme impacts these processes, suggesting its importance in immune responses.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Macrophages play crucial roles in immune responses.
- Transglutaminase activity is present in macrophages and may influence their function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of transglutaminase in interleukin-1 (IL-1) production and active oxygen release by mouse peritoneal macrophages.
- To examine the effects of transglutaminase inhibition on macrophage functions.
Main Methods:
- Used cystamine (enzyme inhibitor) and methylamine (substrate inhibitor) to modulate transglutaminase activity.
- Stimulated macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or casein.
- Measured IL-1 release and active oxygen production.
Main Results:
- Transglutaminase activity was higher in elicited macrophages compared to resident macrophages.
- IL-1 release from LPS-stimulated resident macrophages was inhibited by transglutaminase inhibitors.
- Active oxygen production from LPS-elicited macrophages was inhibited by cystamine in a dose-dependent manner.
- Transglutaminase inhibitors did not affect IL-1 release from casein-elicited macrophages.
Conclusions:
- Transglutaminase activity is a significant factor in regulating macrophage functions, including IL-1 production and active oxygen release.
- The role of transglutaminase may differ depending on the macrophage activation state.