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Summary

Increased aqueous flare, a marker of inflammation, is found in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients. This inflammation is linked to reduced central visual acuity and visual field function in RP.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Inflammation Research

Background:

  • Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal diseases leading to progressive vision loss.
  • The role of intraocular inflammation in the pathogenesis and progression of RP remains an area of active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the correlation between aqueous flare levels and central visual function in patients diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa.
  • To investigate if increased intraocular inflammation is associated with visual impairment in RP.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective observational case series design was employed.
  • 160 patients with typical RP and 59 healthy controls were analyzed.
  • Aqueous flare was measured using a laser flare meter, and its relationship with visual acuity and mean deviation was assessed.

Main Results:

  • RP patients exhibited significantly higher aqueous flare values compared to controls (10.6 ± 7.9 vs 5.0 ± 2.1 pc/ms, P < .0001).
  • Aqueous flare negatively correlated with visual acuity (r = 0.359, P < .0001) and mean deviation (r = -0.330, P < .0001) in RP patients.
  • Significant correlations were observed across various age groups, with higher flare levels in RP patients with less severe visual field loss (MD ≥-15 dB).

Conclusions:

  • Aqueous flare is elevated in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
  • Increased aqueous flare is associated with poorer central visual function, including reduced visual acuity and visual field sensitivity.
  • These findings suggest a significant link between intraocular inflammation and central vision loss in the progression of RP.