Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

1.8K
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
1.8K
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

712
Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
712
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

96.0K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
96.0K
Sex Linked Disorders01:43

Sex Linked Disorders

29.8K
29.8K
Sex-linked Disorders01:43

Sex-linked Disorders

113.1K
Like autosomes, sex chromosomes contain a variety of genes necessary for normal body function. When a mutation in one of these genes results in biological deficits, the disorder is considered sex-linked.
113.1K
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

3.6K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epidemiological, temporal, and geographic trends of leptospirosis in the United States, 2014-2020.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases·2025
Same author

Synchronized dynamics of dengue across the Americas.

Science translational medicine·2025
Same author

Decolonial visual resistance as a public health strategy in post-María Puerto Rico.

Journal of visual political communication·2022
Same author

Community Engagement Practices at Research Centers in U.S. Minority Institutions: Priority Populations and Innovative Approaches to Advancing Health Disparities Research.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2021
Same author

"Just Like Any Other Patient": Transgender Stigma among Physicians in Puerto Rico.

Journal of health care for the poor and underserved·2019
Same author

[ACCESS TO AN ONLINE EDUCATIONAL MODULE ON SEXUAL HEALTH FOR LATINO/A ADOLESCENTS].

Revista Puertorriquena de psicologia·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
13:55

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Published on: January 27, 2019

15.8K

Stigma and Homophobia: Persistent Challenges for HIV Prevention Among Young MSM in Puerto Rico.

Melissa Marzán Rodríguez1, Sheilla Rodríguez Madera2, Nelson Varas Díaz1

  • 1Center for Social Research University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus.

Revista De Ciencias Sociales
|February 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Young men who have sex with men (MSM) in Puerto Rico face increasing HIV rates. A socio-structural approach is needed to understand and address HIV risk behaviors in this population.

Keywords:
HIV/AIDS preventionPuerto RicoYMSM

More Related Videos

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.7K
Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection
08:15

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Published on: January 31, 2020

9.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates
13:55

Sexual Transmission of American Trypanosomes from Males and Females to Naive Mates

Published on: January 27, 2019

15.8K
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
10:29

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship, Activity Prediction, and Molecular Dynamics of Non-nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors

Published on: May 9, 2025

2.7K
Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection
08:15

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Published on: January 31, 2020

9.3K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS globally.
  • Recent data indicate a concerning rise in HIV cases among younger MSM populations in the U.S. and Puerto Rico.
  • Stigma and homophobia are recognized by the CDC as significant factors influencing HIV risk behaviors in MSM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically analyze HIV prevention challenges among young MSM in Puerto Rico.
  • To advocate for a shift from individual-focused to socio-structural perspectives in HIV prevention strategies.
  • To understand the complex dynamics of HIV risk behaviors within this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Critical analysis of existing literature and public health data.
  • Examination of socio-structural factors impacting HIV risk.
  • Review of HIV prevention issues specific to young MSM in Puerto Rico.

Main Results:

  • HIV cases increased by 4.3% (ages 13-24) and 55.6% (ages 25-34) between 2005-2009 in Puerto Rico.
  • Individual behavior-oriented perspectives are insufficient for addressing HIV risk dynamics.
  • A comprehensive socio-structural approach is essential for effective HIV prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent need for integrated HIV prevention strategies targeting young MSM in Puerto Rico.
  • Addressing stigma, homophobia, and broader social determinants is crucial.
  • Policy and community interventions must adopt a socio-structural framework for impactful HIV prevention.