Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Deglutition01:25

Deglutition

8.5K
Swallowing, otherwise known as deglutition, facilitates the transport of food from the mouth to the stomach. It is a multifaceted process that involves both the tongue and the muscles of the throat and esophagus. Saliva and mucus aid in this process, which takes approximately 4 to 8 seconds for semi-solid or solid food and around 1 second for liquids or very soft food.
Swallowing can be divided into three stages: the voluntary phase, the pharyngeal phase, and the esophageal phase. Although the...
8.5K
Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion01:22

Physiology of the Gastrointestinal System I: Ingestion and Propulsion

2.7K
The physiology of the gastrointestinal system begins with ingestion as food enters the mouth.
2.7K
Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

45.2K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
45.2K
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

6.1K
Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
6.1K
Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla01:21

Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla

5.7K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
5.7K
The Physiology of Taste01:24

The Physiology of Taste

8.5K
The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
8.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Changes in the size of the foveal avascular zone after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for a macular hole.

Japanese journal of ophthalmologyยท2017
Same author

Ultra-widefield fundus imaging in gas-filled eyes after vitrectomy.

BMC ophthalmologyยท2017
Same author

Skewing of the population balance of lymphoid and myeloid cells by secreted and intracellular osteopontin.

Nature immunologyยท2017
Same author

Gerontoxanthone B from Maclura cochinchinensis var. gerontogea exhibits anti-inflammatory potential as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist.

Bioorganic & medicinal chemistryยท2017
Same author

Effects of optical diameter of intraocular lenses with intrascleral fixation on higher-order aberrations.

BMC ophthalmologyยท2017
Same author

Inflammasome expression and cytomegalovirus viremia in critically ill patients with sepsis.

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virologyยท2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
08:32

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Published on: March 1, 2015

22.3K

[The neural mechanisms underlying swallowing].

Makoto Inoue1

  • 1Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|February 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This review explores the neural control of swallowing, a vital process for nutrition and airway protection. It details the central pattern generator (CPG) in the brainstem responsible for coordinating this complex motor function.

More Related Videos

Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
14:13

Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing

Published on: May 6, 2014

19.0K
Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
07:45

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
08:32

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Published on: March 1, 2015

22.3K
Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
14:13

Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing

Published on: May 6, 2014

19.0K
Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
07:45

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Gastroenterology

Context:

  • Swallowing is a critical physiological process for nutrient intake and airway defense.
  • It involves complex neuromuscular coordination originating in the brainstem.
  • Understanding the neural control of swallowing is vital for addressing related disorders.

Purpose:

  • To review the fundamental knowledge of ingestion behaviors, focusing on the neural mechanisms of swallowing.
  • To elucidate the role of the central pattern generator (CPG) in coordinating swallowing movements.
  • To discuss the neuronal components and organization of the swallowing CPG.

Summary:

  • Swallowing is initiated and controlled by a central pattern generator (CPG) in the lower brainstem.
  • The swallowing CPG comprises neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii (generator) and ventrolateral medulla (switching).
  • This neural network precisely triggers, shapes, times, and distributes motor commands for swallowing.

Impact:

  • Provides a foundational understanding of the neural basis of swallowing.
  • Highlights the CPG's role in coordinating sequential and rhythmic swallowing patterns.
  • Identifies areas requiring further research into the precise neural mechanisms of the swallowing CPG.