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Molecular allergy diagnosis: status anno 2015
A L Van Gasse1, E A Mangodt1, M Faber1
1Department of Immunology-Allergology-Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Immunology-Allergology-Rheumatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.
Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|February 15, 2015
Summary
Component Resolved Diagnosis (CRD) advances allergy testing by distinguishing sensitization from true allergy. This molecular allergy diagnosis approach offers personalized insights into allergic reactions and their severity.
Area of Science:
- Immunology and Allergy Diagnostics
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Background:
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are central to type I allergic reactions.
- Conventional in vitro immunoassays for specific IgE (sIgE) have limitations in predictive value, necessitating supplementary diagnostic methods.
- Progress in molecular biology has led to advanced techniques for detecting sIgE to specific allergen components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the clinical applications of Component Resolved Diagnosis (CRD) in various allergies.
- To highlight CRD's ability to differentiate between allergic sensitization and genuine allergy.
- To discuss CRD's role in personalizing allergy management and predicting reaction severity.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature and clinical applications of Component Resolved Diagnosis (CRD).
- Focus on CRD for inhalant, food, latex, and hymenoptera venom allergies.
- Emphasis on clinical relevance of CRD over exhaustive component listing.
Main Results:
- CRD enables precise identification of IgE antibodies to specific allergen molecules and epitopes.
- Molecular allergy diagnosis via CRD distinguishes between sensitization and clinical allergy.
- CRD facilitates personalized risk assessment for allergic reaction severity and natural course prediction.
Conclusions:
- Component Resolved Diagnosis represents a significant advancement over conventional sIgE assays.
- CRD provides a more accurate and personalized approach to diagnosing and managing allergies.
- The clinical utility of CRD spans multiple allergic conditions, improving patient outcomes.
