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A distributed network critical for selecting among tool-directed actions.

Christine E Watson¹, Laurel J Buxbaum¹

¹Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, USA.

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|February 15, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Brain regions like the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) are crucial for selecting tool actions when conflicts arise. Damage to these areas impairs action selection, unlike damage to other brain regions.

Keywords:

Action selection Apraxia Inferior parietal lobe Tool use VLSM

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Neurology

Background:

Tool use requires selecting appropriate actions based on goals and environmental constraints.
Action selection can be challenging when different actions (e.g., grasping vs. using) conflict for a single tool.
Understanding the neural mechanisms of action selection is vital, especially in conditions like apraxia.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural substrates underlying action selection for tool use.
To identify brain regions critical for resolving conflicts between different tool-related actions.
To explore the role of specific brain areas in apraxia related to tool use.

Main Methods:

Studied 31 patients with chronic left hemisphere stroke and apraxia.
Utilized pantomime and recognition tasks for tool use actions (conflict and non-conflict tools).
Employed voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM), lesion subtraction, and tractographic overlap analyses.

Main Results:

Lesions in posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG) and anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPS) impaired general tool action production.
Lesions in the supramarginal gyrus (SMG), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)/anterior insula, and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) specifically impaired action selection for conflict tools.
Patients showed errors in grasping and selecting single actions for conflict tools, but action recognition remained unaffected.

Conclusions:

The SMG/SLF/IFG pathway is critical for biased competition and selection between competing tool actions.
aIPS and pMTG compute action components that feed into the selection process.
This study identifies a link between tool characteristics (use/grasp conflict) and action selection deficits, suggesting an SMG-involved subtype of apraxia.