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Related Concept Videos

The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

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Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
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Microorganisms in Agriculture and Food industry01:27

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Microorganisms play a crucial role in agriculture and the food industry, contributing to soil fertility, crop protection, and food production. Their functions range from nitrogen fixation and biopesticide production to fermentation and food preservation, making them indispensable to sustainable farming and food safety.Role in AgricultureNitrogen-fixing bacteria, such as Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living), convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia through biological nitrogen...
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Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Production of Biopesticides01:18

Production of Biopesticides

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Biopesticides offer a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, utilizing microbial agents to control agricultural pests. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely employed bacterium known for its potent insecticidal activity. Bt biopesticides are favored for their specificity to insect pests, minimal environmental impact, and natural degradability.Mechanism of Bt Toxin Action Bt produces insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins during its sporulation phase. These proteins form parasporal...
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Factors Affecting Solubility04:01

Factors Affecting Solubility

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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Primary Production01:06

Primary Production

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The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Laboratory-determined Phosphorus Flux from Lake Sediments as a Measure of Internal Phosphorus Loading
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Laboratory-determined Phosphorus Flux from Lake Sediments as a Measure of Internal Phosphorus Loading

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Implementing agricultural phosphorus science and management to combat eutrophication.

Peter J A Kleinman1, Andrew N Sharpley, Paul J A Withers

  • 1USDA-ARS Pasture Systems and Watershed Management Unit, University Park, PA, 16802, USA, peter.kleinman@ars.usda.gov.

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|February 16, 2015
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Summary

Implementing agricultural phosphorus (P) strategies shows mixed results. Effective P management requires local data and clear communication of tradeoffs to stakeholders for successful soil conservation and water quality protection.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Water Resource Management

Background:

  • Agricultural phosphorus (P) management strategies exhibit variable success.
  • Understanding outcomes across different regulatory settings (voluntary, litigated, regulatory) is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine case studies of agricultural phosphorus management in the USA, UK, and Sweden.
  • To identify factors influencing the success and challenges of P mitigation strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative case study analysis of P management in agricultural settings.
  • Evaluation of voluntary, litigated, and regulatory approaches in different countries.

Main Results:

  • Voluntary strategies in the USA face conflicts between soil conservation and P mitigation.
  • Mandated manure export in the USA impacted beef producers negatively.
  • UK approaches improve farmer awareness but need comprehensive P management.
  • Swedish subsidies may impede program effectiveness assessments.
  • Lack of local data hinders model and expert recommendations globally.

Conclusions:

  • Effective agricultural phosphorus management necessitates iterative knowledge application.
  • Clear communication of tradeoffs to local stakeholders is essential for successful implementation.
  • Tailoring strategies to local conditions and data is critical for achieving P reduction goals.