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Systemic inflammation is higher in peripheral artery disease than in stable coronary artery disease

Philipp Rein1, Christoph H Saely1, Günther Silbernagel2

  • 1Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment (VIVIT), Feldkirch, Austria; Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Austria; Private University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.

Atherosclerosis
|February 16, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Systemic inflammation is higher in peripheral artery disease (PAD) patients compared to coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) further elevates inflammation in PAD, indicating independent associations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Inflammation Research
  • Metabolic Syndrome Studies

Background:

  • Systemic inflammation is linked to atherosclerosis, common in coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD).
  • The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is also associated with systemic inflammation.
  • The independent contributions of CAD, PAD, and MetS to systemic inflammation levels are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare systemic inflammation levels between patients with PAD, CAD, and controls.
  • To investigate the impact of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) on inflammation in PAD patients.
  • To determine if PAD and MetS are independently associated with systemic inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 1396 patients: 460 with PAD (Fontaine stages IIa-IV), 507 with significant CAD (coronary stenoses ≥50%), and 429 controls without significant CAD.
  • Assessed systemic inflammation using C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
  • Analyzed CRP levels in relation to PAD, CAD, MetS status, and independent associations using analysis of covariance.

Main Results:

  • C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were significantly higher in the PAD group compared to both the CAD and control groups (p < 0.001).
  • PAD patients with MetS exhibited significantly higher CRP levels than PAD patients without MetS (p = 0.001).
  • Both PAD and MetS were independently associated with elevated CRP levels (p < 0.001 for both).

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory activity is significantly higher in patients with PAD than in those with CAD.
  • Peripheral artery disease patients with metabolic syndrome experience particularly high levels of systemic inflammation.
  • Low-grade systemic inflammation is independently associated with both the metabolic syndrome and peripheral artery disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseaseHigh density lipoprotein cholesterolInflammationMetabolic syndromePeripheral artery disease

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