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Modulating effect of COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism on interference resolution during a working memory task.

Mathieu Jaspar1, Vinciane Dideberg2, Vincent Bours2

  • 1Cyclotron Research Centre, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Department of Psychology: Cognition and Behaviour, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.

Brain and Cognition
|February 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene variations influence working memory (WM) neural activity. Val/Val genotype showed increased frontal activity in high-interference tasks, suggesting Met allele carriers have an advantage in inhibitory processes.

Keywords:
COMT geneCognitive controlWorking memoryfMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Genetic variability in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is linked to cognitive functions.
  • The COMT Val(158)Met polymorphism may modulate neural substrates of inhibitory control and working memory (WM).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of COMT Val(158)Met genotype on neural activity during interference resolution in WM.
  • To determine if COMT genotype influences proactive and reactive control processes.

Main Methods:

  • Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used in 43 healthy volunteers.
  • A modified Sternberg probe recency task with varying interference levels (high vs. low) was administered.
  • Participants were genotyped for COMT Val(158)Met (VV, VM, MM).

Main Results:

  • COMT Val/Val (VV) homozygotes showed greater frontal cortex activation (medial frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus) compared to Met allele carriers in the proactive, high-interference condition.
  • Genotype-related differences in the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) were driven by increased activity from storage to recognition phases in VV subjects during interfering trials.
  • These findings highlight a genotype-specific impact on frontal areas during high-interference WM tasks.

Conclusions:

  • COMT genotype significantly impacts inhibitory processes in working memory.
  • Met allele carriers demonstrate an advantage in resolving interference during WM tasks.
  • The effect of COMT genotype on frontal activity is context-dependent, particularly evident under high interference and during the storage-to-recognition transition in the left SFG.