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Disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with solid tumors
Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)
|February 17, 2015
Summary
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare complication of solid tumors. Early diagnosis and treatment of the cancer can resolve DIC and improve patient survival.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Hematology
Background:
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious complication associated with solid tumors.
- DIC often presents with bleeding, clotting issues, or abnormal lab results like low platelets or fibrinogen.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the presentation, diagnosis, and management of DIC in patients with solid tumors.
- To highlight the link between malignancy treatment and DIC resolution.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria (low platelets, fibrinogen, elevated D-dimer, prolonged PT), and management strategies for DIC in cancer patients.
- Discussion of treatment modalities including transfusions, anticoagulation, and supportive care.
Main Results:
- Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the underlying malignancy are crucial for DIC resolution.
- Treatment of DIC involves managing bleeding with transfusions (platelets, cryoprecipitate, FFP) and thromboembolism with heparin.
- Combined bleeding and thromboembolism may necessitate vena cava filter placement.
Conclusions:
- DIC in solid tumors requires integrated management of both the malignancy and coagulation abnormalities.
- Effective cancer treatment can lead to favorable outcomes and survival in patients with DIC.
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