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The toxicity of dietary trans fats

Riya Ganguly1, Grant N Pierce1

  • 1The Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine and the Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital, and the Departments of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
|February 17, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Trans fatty acids contribute to cardiovascular disease, but ruminant trans fats may offer protection. Further research is essential to understand these compounds for better heart health management.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Dietary Fats

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a primary global cause of mortality.
  • Trans fatty acids (TFAs) are recognized contributors to CVD, including strokes and heart attacks.
  • Despite legislative actions, TFAs persist in the human diet.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dual impact of trans fatty acids on cardiovascular health.
  • To explore the paradoxical cardioprotective effects of ruminant trans fats.
  • To identify mechanisms underlying both detrimental and beneficial actions of TFAs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing epidemiological and biochemical studies on trans fatty acids.
  • Analysis of research on ruminant trans fats and their specific physiological effects.
  • Comparative assessment of TFA isomers and their cardiovascular implications.

Main Results:

  • Trans fatty acids are linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
  • Ruminant trans fats demonstrate potential cardioprotective properties.
  • Differential biological activities exist among various trans fat types.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the complex role of TFAs, including beneficial ruminant forms, is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention.
  • Targeted dietary strategies modulating TFA intake may impact cardiovascular health.
  • Further mechanistic studies are needed to fully elucidate TFA functions.
Keywords:
ApoptosisAtherosclerosisAutophagyCardiovascular diseaseFatty acidsHeart

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