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Periodontal disease and late-onset aortic prosthetic vascular graft infection

Stephanie Thomas1, Jonathan Ghosh2, Johnathan Porter2

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, UK.

Case Reports in Vascular Medicine
|February 17, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) can be severe. This study suggests chronic oral infections, like periodontal disease, may be a new risk factor for late-onset PVGI.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oral Health

Background:

  • Prosthetic vascular graft infection (PVGI) is a rare but serious complication following arterial reconstructive surgery.
  • The clinical outcomes of PVGI can be severe, despite a low relative risk.
  • Limited microbiological data exists on the bacteria responsible for PVGI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential novel risk factors for late-onset prosthetic vascular graft infections.
  • To explore the association between oral health status and the development of PVGI.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of intraoperative samples from four patients with late-onset PVGI using a culture-independent nucleic acid amplification method.
  • Clinical examination and diagnosis by an oral health specialist.

Main Results:

  • Nucleic acid amplification detected bacteria strongly indicative of an oral source in intraoperative samples.
  • All four patients were diagnosed with chronic periodontal disease by an oral health specialist.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic oral infections, specifically periodontal disease, may represent a previously unrecognized risk factor for late-onset prosthetic vascular graft infections.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm this association and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

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