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Pathogenesis of Crohn's disease: Bug or no bug
Marta Maia Bosca-Watts1, Joan Tosca1, Rosario Anton1
1Marta Maia Bosca-Watts, Joan Tosca, Rosario Anton, Maria Mora, Miguel Minguez, Francisco Mora, IBD Unit, Digestive Disease Department, University of Valencia, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia and INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology
|February 17, 2015
Summary
Investigating the infectious origins of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), this review explores the role of bacteria, including Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and Escherichia coli, in Crohn's disease pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Microbiology
- Immunology
Background:
- The infectious etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn's disease (CD), has been long suspected.
- Observations include disease localization, response to fecal stream diversion, and bacterial presence in lesions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the scientific literature on the role of specific microorganisms in the pathogenesis of IBD.
- To discuss the evolving understanding of microbiota as a potential catalyst in IBD development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating infectious agents in IBD.
- Analysis of evidence implicating bacteria such as Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Escherichia coli.
Main Results:
- Early studies ruled out viral links to IBD.
- Recent evidence supports the involvement of specific bacteria in IBD pathogenesis.
- Escherichia coli is a current focus, particularly in ileal Crohn's disease.
Conclusions:
- Microorganisms are increasingly recognized as significant factors in IBD.
- Further research into specific bacterial pathogens like E. coli is warranted for understanding and treating IBD.
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