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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Virus01:28

Introduction to Virus

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Viruses are unique biological entities that blur the boundary between living and non-living systems. Although they lack cellular structure and metabolic processes, they can exhibit characteristics of life when infecting a host. Their defining feature is a nucleic acid core, composed of either DNA or RNA, encapsulated within a protein coat called a capsid. This simple structure allows them to invade host cells and use their machinery for replication efficiently.Viral Structure and...
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Viral Meningitis01:18

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
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Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

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Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
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Arboviral Encephalitis01:25

Arboviral Encephalitis

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Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Mosquito-Associated Virus Isolation from Field-Collected Mosquitoes
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Morbillivirus infections: an introduction.

Rory D de Vries1, W Paul Duprex2, Rik L de Swart3

  • 1Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam 3000, The Netherlands. r.d.devries@erasmusmc.nl.

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Morbillivirus research advances include reduced measles deaths and rinderpest virus eradication. Continued high vaccination coverage and surveillance are crucial for managing these animal and human pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Morbilliviruses cause significant diseases in animals and humans.
  • Global measles vaccination has reduced mortality.
  • Rinderpest virus was eradicated in 2011.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current research on morbillivirus infections.
  • To highlight progress in understanding morbillivirus pathogenesis and host interactions.
  • To emphasize the need for continued surveillance and vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research developments.
  • Analysis of vaccination coverage and disease reduction data.
  • Identification of new cellular receptors and use of recombinant viruses.

Main Results:

  • Significant reduction in measles mortality due to increased vaccination.
  • Global eradication of rinderpest virus.
  • New insights into morbillivirus pathogenesis and host immune interactions.

Conclusions:

  • High vaccination coverage is critical for controlling measles.
  • Robust surveillance and strategies to prevent cross-species transmission are essential.
  • Ongoing research is vital for understanding and managing morbilliviruses.