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Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.
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A two-dimensional coupled flow-mass transport model based on an improved unstructured finite volume algorithm.

Jianzhong Zhou1, Lixiang Song2, Suncana Kursan3

  • 1School of Hydropower and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.

Environmental Research
|February 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A new numerical model simulates water flow and contaminant transport in shallow water bodies. This well-balanced finite volume algorithm accurately models complex terrains, including wetting and drying processes.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Water Resource Management

Background:

  • Shallow water flow and mass transport modeling are crucial for environmental management.
  • Existing models face challenges with complex topography and wetting/drying phenomena.
  • Accurate simulation of these processes is essential for predicting water quality and flood risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust two-dimensional coupled model for simulating flow-mass transport in shallow water.
  • To address limitations in modeling complex topography with wetting and drying.
  • To enhance the accuracy and efficiency of shallow water simulations.

Main Methods:

  • A well-balanced, finite volume algorithm on an unstructured grid was developed for modified 2D shallow water equations.
  • Second-order spatial accuracy was achieved using slope-limited linear reconstruction.
  • A HLLC-based solver and Hancock's predictor-corrector scheme were employed for flow and mass transport, ensuring second-order temporal accuracy.
  • A hybrid method was introduced for bed slope approximation to maintain well-balanced properties during flooding and recession.

Main Results:

  • The proposed algorithm effectively simulates shallow flows on complex topography, including wetting and drying.
  • The coupled model accurately captures both flow dynamics and mass transport processes.
  • Numerical results showed good agreement with benchmark test cases, validating the model's effectiveness and robustness.

Conclusions:

  • The developed two-dimensional coupled model provides a reliable tool for simulating complex shallow water flows and mass transport.
  • The proposed numerical methods enhance accuracy and stability for simulations involving wetting and drying.
  • This research contributes to improved water quality and flood risk assessment in shallow water environments.