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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
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Bioavailability is a critical factor in determining a drug's effectiveness. It refers to the proportion of a drug that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and is, as a result, able to have an active effect. Enhancing bioavailability is essential for drugs with poor solubility, as it can significantly impact their therapeutic efficacy. Various methods are employed to increase the solubility of drugs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability.Micronization and nanonization are...
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Delayed-release drug delivery systems are specialized pharmaceutical formulations designed to postpone the release of active compounds until the drug reaches a specific region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically the intestine. These systems are essential for drugs that may cause gastric irritation, are unstable in acidic environments, or need to exert therapeutic effects locally in the intestinal or colonic regions.The core feature of delayed-release systems is the use of enteric...
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Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...
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Current knowledge on biodegradable microspheres in drug delivery.

Vipul D Prajapati1, Girish K Jani, Jinita R Kapadia

  • 1SSR College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics , Sayli-Silvassa Road, Silvassa, Union Territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli, 396230 , India +91 0982 4284159 ; +91 0260 2681104 ; vippra2000@yahoo.com.

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Biodegradable microspheres offer a promising approach for delivering various molecules, with polymer selection and formulation techniques being key challenges. These eco-friendly systems are poised for future applications in targeted drug delivery.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Science and Drug Delivery
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Biodegradable microspheres are increasingly utilized for molecule delivery across diverse routes.
  • Their preparation involves natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers using specific techniques.
  • Effective drug delivery hinges on the judicious selection of polymers and formulation methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of biodegradable microspheres for effective molecule delivery.
  • To discuss compendial and non-compendial biodegradable polymers, formulation techniques, and release mechanisms.
  • To review patents and commercially available biodegradable microspheres.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biodegradable microspheres.
  • Analysis of polymer types, formulation strategies, and release kinetics.
  • Examination of market landscape including patents and commercial products.

Main Results:

  • Biodegradable microspheres offer advantages like biocompatibility, reduced dosage, and fewer side effects.
  • Successful development depends on selecting appropriate biodegradable polymers and formulation techniques.
  • The review covers a wide range of polymers, techniques, and release mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Biodegradable microspheres present significant potential for delivering diverse molecules, including genes, hormones, proteins, and peptides.
  • Their biocompatibility and reduced side effects contribute to their growing popularity.
  • Future research focuses on overcoming challenges in polymer selection and formulation for targeted, long-term drug delivery.