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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Production of Dynein and Kinesin Motor Ensembles on DNA Origami Nanostructures for Single Molecule Observation
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Torque generation by axonemal outer-arm dynein.

Shin Yamaguchi1, Kei Saito1, Miki Sutoh1

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Biophysical Journal
|February 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Motors
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cilia generate movement using outer-arm dynein.
  • The mechanical properties of dynein subparticles are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the torque generation mechanism of Tetrahymena ciliary outer-arm dynein.
  • Determine the role of different dynein subparticles (αβγ, βγ, α) in microtubule rotation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three-dimensional tracking microscopy.
  • Performed microtubule corkscrewing assays with varying ATP concentrations.
  • Analyzed mixtures of dynein subparticles at different ratios.

Main Results:

  • All tested dynein subparticles (αβγ, βγ, α) exhibited clockwise microtubule rotation.
  • Microtubule corkscrewing pitch was largely ATP-independent, except at low ATP where αβγ and α showed longer pitches.
  • The α-subparticle significantly and non-linearly increased the corkscrewing pitch in mixtures with βγ.

Conclusions:

  • Torque generation is an intrinsic property of axonemal dynein subparticles, not solely dependent on the three-headed form.
  • Distinct mechanical properties exist among the α, βγ, and αβγ dynein subparticles.
  • The α-subparticle plays a crucial role in modulating the torque generated by outer-arm dynein.