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Neurochemicals and respiratory control during development.

I R Moss1, J G Inman

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9063.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Neurochemical systems mature uniquely during development, influencing perinatal respiratory control. Imbalances in these systems may explain unique respiratory patterns in newborns.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • The central nervous system undergoes significant changes during development, including neuronal remodeling.
  • Neurotransmitter and modulator systems develop dynamically, with distinct timelines for synthesis, degradation, uptake, and receptor expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of nine key neurochemical systems in perinatal respiratory control.
  • To understand how the complex interplay of developing neurochemical systems affects respiratory regulation in newborns.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed the presence of neurochemical systems in respiratory-related brain regions.
  • Examined physiological changes in neurochemical concentrations.
  • Investigated the effects of agonists and antagonists on respiratory function.

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  • Tested the blockade of endogenous neurochemical effects using antagonists.

    • Main Results:

    • Nine neurochemical systems (adenosine, GABA, opioids, prostaglandins, serotonin, progesterone, substance P, TRH, catecholamines) were analyzed for their roles.
    • The criteria for evaluating involvement included regional presence, concentration changes, agonist/antagonist effects, and physiological activation blockade.

    Conclusions:

    • Variable development and cofunction of neurochemical systems complicate perinatal respiratory control.
    • Excessive suppressant neuromodulators or neurochemical imbalances may contribute to the unique respiratory characteristics observed in the perinatal period.