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Aggressive malignant phyllodes tumor.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Phyllodes tumors are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breast, accounting for 0.3-0.9% of breast cancers.
  • Histologically classified as benign, borderline, or malignant, malignant phyllodes tumors comprise 10-30% of all phyllodes tumors.
  • Malignant phyllodes tumors possess the potential for local recurrence and distant metastasis, posing a clinical challenge in predicting disease behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a unique case of malignant phyllodes tumor with an exceptionally aggressive clinical course and rapid progression.
  • To underscore the difficulty in predicting the behavior of malignant phyllodes tumors, particularly aggressive variants.
  • To contribute to the understanding of rare, aggressive presentations of phyllodes tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation of a patient diagnosed with malignant phyllodes tumor.
  • Detailed description of the initial presentation, including tumor size and weight.
  • Documentation of the rapid disease progression, including brain metastases and local recurrence post-surgery.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with a massive right breast tumor (31cm, >10kg).
  • Within five weeks of surgical resection, the patient developed brain metastases and six local recurrences.
  • The patient's survival was approximately 11 weeks from initial presentation.

Conclusions:

  • Despite biopsy-proven malignancy, the rapid and aggressive course of the phyllodes tumor was unpredictable.
  • This case illustrates the unpredictable nature of malignant phyllodes tumors.
  • The case may represent a variant of malignant phyllodes tumor that has undergone aggressive transformation.