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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Epilepsy.

Daniel San-Juan1, León Morales-Quezada2, Adolfo Josué Orozco Garduño1

  • 1Neurophysiology Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Av. Insurgentes Sur 3877, Col. La Fama, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14269, Mexico.

Brain Stimulation
|February 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) shows promise for epilepsy treatment in animals and humans, reducing seizures and abnormal brain activity. Further research is needed to optimize this neuromodulation therapy.

Keywords:
Brain polarizationEpilepsyGalvanic stimulationTranscranial direct current stimulationtDCS

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an emerging neuromodulation therapy for epilepsy.
  • Existing research on tDCS efficacy and safety in epilepsy presents conflicting results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on the efficacy and safety of tDCS for epilepsy treatment in both human and animal models.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, MedLine, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar) from January 1969 to October 2013.
  • Original articles detailing tDCS safety and efficacy in epileptic animals or humans were selected and analyzed.
  • Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane Handbook, PRISMA guidelines, and Jadad Scale; meta-analysis was precluded by study heterogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Nine articles (3 animal, 6 human) involving 174 subjects (109 animals, 65 humans) were analyzed.
  • Animal studies demonstrated suppression of epileptiform activity without neurological injury.
  • Clinical studies indicated a significant decrease in epileptic seizures (67%) and inter-ictal epileptiform activity (83%), with good patient tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Preliminary evidence suggests tDCS is safe and effective for epilepsy in animals and humans.
  • Larger-scale studies are required to establish optimal stimulation protocols and long-term outcomes for tDCS in epilepsy management.