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Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-associated Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Narrative Review
Nabil Fallouh1, Helen M McGuirk2, Scott A Flanders1
1Department of General Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor.
The American Journal of Medicine
|February 21, 2015
Summary
Peripherally inserted central catheter-related deep vein thrombosis (PICC-DVT) is common and costly. Ultrasound is recommended for diagnosis, anticoagulation for treatment, and removal of the catheter is often unnecessary.
Area of Science:
- Vascular Medicine
- Medical Devices
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Peripherally inserted central catheter-related deep vein thrombosis (PICC-DVT) is a frequent complication with limited understanding of associated factors.
- Clinical guidance for managing PICC-DVT is essential for healthcare providers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a comprehensive literature review on peripherally inserted central catheter-related deep vein thrombosis (PICC-DVT).
- To summarize current best practices for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of PICC-DVT.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search for studies on PICC-DVT epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
- Compilation of diagnostic and management algorithms based on available evidence.
Main Results:
- PICC-DVT incidence ranges from 2% to 75%, influenced by study population and diagnostic methods.
- Clinical symptoms lack sensitivity and specificity for PICC-DVT; ultrasonography is the recommended initial diagnostic test.
- Anticoagulation (LMWH or warfarin) for ≥3 months is the primary treatment; catheter removal is not always necessary for functional, essential PICCs.
Conclusions:
- PICC-DVT is a common, costly, and morbid condition.
- Existing evidence supports improved diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for PICC-DVT.
