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Related Concept Videos

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:23

Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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The clinical manifestations of gastritis can vary depending on the cause and type of gastritis, but some common symptoms may include the following.
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

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Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease I: Meaning and Pathophysiology01:29

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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) involves the recurrent backflow of the stomach or duodenal contents into the esophagus, leading to troublesome symptoms and potential esophageal mucosal damage. Although GERD is often referred to as a disease, it is more accurately described as a syndrome, as it encompasses a range of symptoms and complications rather than a singular pathological entity, impacting a large number of individuals as the most prevalent upper gastrointestinal problem. Roughly...
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Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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Gastric Phase of Digestion01:26

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The gastric phase of digestion begins as soon as food enters the stomach. The incoming food bolus triggers neural and hormonal mechanisms, which last approximately 3 to 4 hours. During this phase, the stomach undergoes significant changes to prepare the food for further digestion and absorption.
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Hypergastrinemia.

Sunil Dacha1, Mohammed Razvi2, Julia Massaad2

  • 1Internal Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA sunil.dacha@emory.edu.

Gastroenterology Report
|February 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers hypergastrinemia, a condition of elevated gastrin hormone levels. It discusses causes like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and medications, diagnostic methods, and consequences of chronic high gastrin.

Keywords:
carcinoidhelicobacter pylorihypergastrinemia

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Gastrin is a key digestive hormone regulating gastric acid secretion.
  • Elevated gastrin (hypergastrinemia) can stem from conditions like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome or medication use (e.g., proton pump inhibitors).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of hypergastrinemia.
  • To detail the pathophysiology, medical causes, diagnostic approaches, and clinical outcomes of chronic hypergastrinemia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pathophysiology, etiology, diagnostics, and clinical impact of hypergastrinemia.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on gastrin regulation and dysregulation.

Main Results:

  • Hypergastrinemia has diverse causes, including pathological conditions and common pharmaceutical agents.
  • Diagnostic evaluation involves assessing gastrin levels and identifying underlying causes.
  • Chronic hypergastrinemia can lead to significant clinical consequences.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the causes and consequences of hypergastrinemia is crucial for effective patient management.
  • Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are essential for addressing hypergastrinemia and its associated health risks.