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Related Concept Videos

Traumatic Memory01:20

Traumatic Memory

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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

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Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Interpersonal Psychotherapy01:25

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Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a structured, time-limited therapeutic approach initially developed to treat depression. It integrates key concepts from psychodynamic, humanistic, and cognitive-behavioral therapies, making it a uniquely eclectic framework. The therapy is rooted in the interpersonal theories of Adolph Meyer and Harry Stack Sullivan, as well as John Bowlby's attachment theory, and focuses on the interplay between interpersonal relationships and emotional well-being.
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Somatosensation01:33

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

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Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy.

Peter Payne1, Peter A Levine2, Mardi A Crane-Godreau1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Lebanon, NH, USA.

Frontiers in Psychology
|February 21, 2015
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Summary

Somatic Experiencing (SE) therapy helps resolve trauma and chronic stress by focusing on bodily sensations. This approach aims to complete blocked self-protective responses and regulate the nervous system for improved well-being.

Keywords:
autonomic nervous systemcore response networkinteroceptionmeditationpremotor systemsomatic experiencingstresstrauma

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Somatic Therapies

Background:

  • Human trauma and chronic stress significantly impact physiological and psychological well-being.
  • Current therapeutic approaches often focus on cognitive and exposure methods.
  • Somatic Experiencing (SE) offers a body-centered approach to trauma resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a theory of human trauma and chronic stress based on Somatic Experiencing (SE).
  • To offer a neurophysiological rationale for SE's therapeutic mechanisms.
  • To explore the role of bodily sensations in trauma recovery.

Main Methods:

  • A composite case study of SE treatment was used to illustrate the theory.
  • The study focuses on guiding attention to interoceptive, kinesthetic, and proprioceptive experiences.
  • Analysis of SE's impact on the core response network (CRN).

Main Results:

  • SE facilitates the completion of thwarted self-protective responses.
  • SE aids in the discharge and regulation of autonomic arousal.
  • Attention to bodily sensations is identified as a key therapeutic tool.

Conclusions:

  • SE theory posits trauma as a functional dysregulation of the core response network (CRN).
  • SE methods restore functionality to the CRN by addressing instinctive bodily responses.
  • Somatic approaches like SE can supplement cognitive and exposure therapies for stress and trauma.