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Sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Zuzana Čarnická1, Branislav Kollár1, Pavel Šiarnik1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
|February 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) significantly impacts sleep quality, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Sleep disordered breathing primarily affects fatigue in MS.

Keywords:
fatiguemultiple sclerosispolysomnographyrestless legs syndromesleepsleep disordered breathing

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Poor sleep is a common complaint among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Understanding the factors contributing to sleep disturbances in MS is crucial for improving patient well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between polysomnographic (PSG) findings and subjective sleep quality, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness in MS patients.
  • To identify key factors influencing sleep disturbances in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty MS patients underwent nocturnal diagnostic polysomnography (PSG).
  • Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
  • Fatigue and daytime sleepiness were measured by the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), respectively. The International Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale was used to evaluate Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).

Main Results:

  • Age was a significant predictor of apnea-hypopnea index and desaturation index (DI).
  • Patients with RLS reported significantly higher PSQI and ESS scores.
  • Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) scores correlated with DI.
  • Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) was the primary determinant of PSQI and ESS scores.
  • Both DI and RLS independently influenced FSS scores.

Conclusions:

  • Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) appears to be the predominant factor contributing to poor sleep, fatigue, and daytime somnolence in MS.
  • Sleep disordered breathing, and its severity, primarily impacts fatigue levels in patients with MS.