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Related Concept Videos

Cycloalkanes02:28

Cycloalkanes

18.2K
Cycloalkanes are saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in the form of rings. They have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding acyclic alkane; therefore, their general formula is CnH2n. The structural formulas of cycloalkanes are simplified using the line-angle representation. The regular polygons are used to represent the cycloalkane rings, with each side representing a carbon-carbon bond.
The IUPAC nomenclature of cycloalkanes follows similar rules that apply to...
18.2K
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane02:02

Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane

21.9K
The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this...
21.9K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

2.3K
Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
2.3K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.7K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.7K
Structure of Alkanes02:23

Structure of Alkanes

37.9K
The formation of carbon-carbon bonds leading to the creation of the carbon chain is the basis of organic chemistry. August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper independently developed this idea of carbon chain formation.
Hydrocarbons are the simplest organic compounds composed of carbons and hydrogens. Based on the bond order between carbons, the hydrocarbons are further classified into alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. 
Alkanes are the simplest hydrocarbons with sp3 hybrid carbon atoms....
37.9K
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

12.0K
In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
12.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

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The structure of adsorbed cyclic chains.

Aleksander Kuriata1, Andrzej Sikorski

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.

Journal of Molecular Modeling
|February 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals cyclic polymer chains form higher percolation thresholds than linear ones. However, jamming thresholds remain similar, indicating geometry impacts network formation differently.

Area of Science:

  • Polymer Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Understanding polymer film structure is crucial for materials science.
  • The influence of chain architecture (cyclic vs. linear) on film properties is not fully understood.
  • Percolation and jamming are key phenomena in polymer network formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of cyclic polymer chain geometry on percolation and jamming thresholds.
  • To compare these thresholds with those of linear flexible chains.
  • To analyze the structural characteristics of adsorbed cyclic polymer films.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a simple coarse-grained model for polymers on a 2D square lattice.
  • Representation of polymers as sequences of identical beads with excluded volume interactions.

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  • Utilizing a random sequential adsorption algorithm to simulate polymer monolayer formation.

    • Main Results:

    • Percolation threshold for cyclic chains is significantly higher than for linear flexible chains.
    • Jamming thresholds show minimal difference between cyclic and linear chain architectures.
    • Adsorbed cyclic chains exhibit a more prolate shape compared to linear chains.

    Conclusions:

    • Chain topology (cyclic vs. linear) critically influences percolation behavior in polymer films.
    • Jamming is less sensitive to chain topology than percolation.
    • The geometric constraints of cyclic chains lead to distinct film structures and properties.