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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

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Sleep in traumatic brain injury.

Nicole L Mazwi1, Heidi Fusco2, Ross Zafonte3

  • 1Department of Physical Medicine, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|February 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Sleep disturbances are common after traumatic brain injury (TBI), impacting recovery. Current treatments vary, suggesting a multimodal approach may be best for improving sleep quality and quantity in TBI survivors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Traumatology

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are prevalent in over 50% of traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors.
  • These disturbances can significantly impede rehabilitation, recovery, and overall patient outcomes.
  • Understanding sleep architecture and neurophysiology is crucial for addressing post-TBI sleep issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the types and diagnostic methods for sleep disturbances following TBI.
  • To explore current pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options.
  • To discuss the lack of consensus on optimal treatment strategies and the potential of multimodal approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sleep disturbances post-TBI.
  • Categorization of sleep disorders into dyssomnias and parasomnias.
Keywords:
circadian rhythminsomniasleep disordertraumatic brain injury

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  • Discussion of objective and subjective evaluation methods.
  • Overview of existing treatment modalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Sleep disturbances, including dyssomnias and parasomnias, are common sequelae of TBI.
    • Both objective and subjective methods aid in diagnosing sleep disorders and differentiating them from other factors.
    • Various pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions show promise in improving sleep quantity and quality.

    Conclusions:

    • No established consensus exists for treating sleep disturbances after TBI.
    • A multimodal treatment strategy may offer the most effective approach for TBI survivors.
    • Further research is needed to define optimal therapeutic pathways for post-TBI sleep disorders.