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A Novel In Vitro Model of Blast Traumatic Brain Injury
Published on: December 21, 2018
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Brain injury from explosive blast: description and clinical management
G Ling1, J M Ecklund2, F A Bandak3
1Department of Neurology, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|February 23, 2015
Summary
Explosive blast traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a distinct condition affecting combat personnel. Further research is crucial for understanding its causes, prevalence, and developing effective treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Military Medicine
- Trauma Surgery
Background:
- Explosive blast TBI is increasingly recognized as distinct from penetrating TBI and closed head injury (CHI).
- Improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are a primary cause of blast injuries in recent conflicts, affecting over 60% of combat casualties.
- Blast-related mild TBI (mTBI) shares features with conventional TBI and PTSD but has unique characteristics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the need for rigorous scientific study of explosive blast TBI.
- To emphasize the necessity of understanding the causes, mechanisms, and epidemiology of blast TBI.
- To advocate for clear clinical descriptions and diagnostic criteria for blast mTBI.
Main Methods:
- Clinical experience and observation of combat casualties.
- Review of existing TBI and PTSD management guidelines.
- Identification of research gaps in basic science and clinical studies.
Main Results:
- Explosive blast TBI presents unique clinical features differentiating it from other TBI types.
- Military medical providers are adapting civilian guidelines for blast mTBI management in deployed settings.
- Current understanding of blast TBI requires significant advancement.
Conclusions:
- Explosive blast TBI requires further dedicated scientific investigation at basic and clinical levels.
- Epidemiologic studies are needed to determine blast TBI prevalence and risk factors.
- Development of unambiguous diagnostic criteria and targeted research will facilitate prevention, mitigation, and treatment strategies for blast mTBI.
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