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Related Concept Videos

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

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Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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[Risk factors of coronary disease].

G V Svitlyk, V M Salo, M P Bubniak

    Klinicheskaia Meditsina
    |February 24, 2015
    PubMed
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    Harmful occupational exposures to xenobiotics significantly increase atherosclerosis risk in coronary arteries. These work conditions, along with cholesterol levels and hypertension, drive stenosis severity, highlighting workplace safety

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Occupational Health
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
    • Atherosclerosis, the underlying pathology, affects major epicardial coronary arteries.
    • The role of occupational environmental factors in CAD pathogenesis requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between occupational exposure to industrial hazards (xenobiotics) and the development of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries.
    • To identify specific arterial segments most affected by atherosclerosis in patients with CAD.
    • To determine the factors influencing the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the extent of vascular damage.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of archival data from 307 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease.
    • Review of medical histories and coronary angiography results.
    • Categorization of patients based on occupational exposure to industrial hazards (xenobiotics).

    Main Results:

    • Proximal and middle segments of major epicardial coronary arteries were most susceptible to atherosclerosis, with frequent complete chronic occlusion.
    • Coronary artery changes were not visualized in approximately 20% of patients via angiography.
    • Patients without occupational xenobiotic exposure exhibited a significantly higher percentage of unaffected coronary arteries.
    • Stenosis degree was primarily influenced by occupational exposures, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels, and hypertension.
    • The extent of coronary vessel damage correlated mainly with patient age and the presence of diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • Harmful occupational exposures to xenobiotics represent a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic changes in coronary vessels.
    • Workplace environmental factors play a crucial role in the development and progression of coronary artery disease.
    • Understanding occupational risks is vital for comprehensive CAD prevention strategies.