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[Risk factors of coronary disease]

G V Svitlyk, V M Salo, M P Bubniak

    Klinicheskaia Meditsina
    |February 24, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Harmful occupational exposures to xenobiotics significantly increase atherosclerosis risk in coronary arteries. These work conditions, along with cholesterol levels and hypertension, drive stenosis severity, highlighting workplace safety

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Medicine
    • Occupational Health
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide.
    • Atherosclerosis, the underlying pathology, affects major epicardial coronary arteries.
    • The role of occupational environmental factors in CAD pathogenesis requires further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between occupational exposure to industrial hazards (xenobiotics) and the development of atherosclerosis in coronary arteries.
    • To identify specific arterial segments most affected by atherosclerosis in patients with CAD.
    • To determine the factors influencing the degree of coronary artery stenosis and the extent of vascular damage.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of archival data from 307 patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease.
    • Review of medical histories and coronary angiography results.
    • Categorization of patients based on occupational exposure to industrial hazards (xenobiotics).

    Main Results:

    • Proximal and middle segments of major epicardial coronary arteries were most susceptible to atherosclerosis, with frequent complete chronic occlusion.
    • Coronary artery changes were not visualized in approximately 20% of patients via angiography.
    • Patients without occupational xenobiotic exposure exhibited a significantly higher percentage of unaffected coronary arteries.
    • Stenosis degree was primarily influenced by occupational exposures, triglyceride, HDL, and LDL cholesterol levels, and hypertension.
    • The extent of coronary vessel damage correlated mainly with patient age and the presence of diabetes.

    Conclusions:

    • Harmful occupational exposures to xenobiotics represent a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic changes in coronary vessels.
    • Workplace environmental factors play a crucial role in the development and progression of coronary artery disease.
    • Understanding occupational risks is vital for comprehensive CAD prevention strategies.

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