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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

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Updated: Apr 17, 2026

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Surgery for deep venous incompetence.

Ravi Raj Goel1, Ahmed Abidia, Simon C Hardy

  • 1Vascular Surgery, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Royal Blackburn Hospital (Trust HQ), Haslingden Road, Blackburn, UK, BB2 3HH.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|February 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Surgical treatment for chronic deep venous incompetence (DVI) shows uncertain benefits. Valvuloplasty may offer some hemodynamic improvement, but high-quality evidence is lacking, necessitating further trials for definitive conclusions on DVI surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Venous Disease Management
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Chronic deep venous incompetence (DVI) results from faulty vein valves or blockages, causing leg ulcers, pain, and swelling.
  • While compression stockings and wound care are standard, some patients require further intervention for persistent symptoms or non-healing ulcers.
  • Surgical options for severe DVI are considered when conservative measures fail.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical interventions for DVI.
  • Assessed outcomes include ulcer healing, recurrence rates, and symptom alleviation.
  • Focused on surgical management of primary valve incompetence.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for surgical treatment of DVI.
  • Searched Cochrane Peripheral Vascular Diseases Group and CENTRAL databases.
  • Included four studies with 273 participants, primarily assessing valvuloplasty.

Main Results:

  • No studies investigated surgical treatments beyond valvuloplasty for DVI.
  • Included studies were of low methodological quality, with missing data on randomization and blinding.
  • Valvuloplasty showed some hemodynamic improvements (e.g., in ambulatory venous pressure) in specific patient subgroups, but overall benefit remains questionable.
  • No significant complications or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) reported in most studies.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence does not support or refute the benefit or harm of valvuloplasty for primary DVI.
  • The included trials were small, of poor quality, and did not enroll patients with severe DVI.
  • Further high-quality trials are needed to investigate surgical procedures for DVI, particularly for secondary or obstructive forms.