Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Estimation of the Physical Quantities01:05

Estimation of the Physical Quantities

8.8K
On many occasions, physicists, other scientists, and engineers need to make estimates of a particular quantity. These are sometimes referred to as guesstimates, order-of-magnitude approximations, back-of-the-envelope calculations, or Fermi calculations. The physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for his ability to estimate various kinds of data with surprising precision. Estimating does not mean guessing a number or a formula at random. Instead, estimation means using prior experience and sound...
8.8K
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

455
Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
455
Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

4.2K
A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
4.2K
Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

730
Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
730
Sampling Continuous Time Signal01:11

Sampling Continuous Time Signal

893
In signal processing, a continuous-time signal can be sampled using an impulse-train sampling technique, followed by the zero-order hold method. Impulse-train sampling involves the use of a periodic impulse train, which consists of a series of delta functions spaced at regular intervals determined by the sampling period. When a continuous-time signal is multiplied by this impulse train, it generates impulses with amplitudes corresponding to the signal's values at the sampling points.
In the...
893
Chebyshev's Theorem to Interpret Standard Deviation01:15

Chebyshev's Theorem to Interpret Standard Deviation

5.4K
Chebyshev’s theorem, also known as Chebyshev’s Inequality, states that the proportion of values of a dataset for K standard deviation is calculated using the equation:
5.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

COX-2 inhibition improves immune system homeostasis and decreases liver damage in septic rats.

The Journal of surgical research·2009
Same author

Mass spectral characterization of organophosphate-labeled, tyrosine-containing peptides: characteristic mass fragments and a new binding motif for organophosphates.

Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences·2009
Same author

3D-SURFER: software for high-throughput protein surface comparison and analysis.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)·2009
Same author

Total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk technique: a proposed treatment for complicated Stanford type B aortic dissection.

Journal of cardiac surgery·2009
Same author

Top-emitting white organic light-emitting devices with a one-dimensional metallic-dielectric photonic crystal anode.

Optics letters·2009
Same author

[Detection of tick and tick-borne pathogen in some ports of Inner Mongolia].

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi·2009

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
13:44

Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

Published on: August 30, 2013

43.9K

Statistical model of JPEG noises and its application in quantization step estimation.

Bin Li, Tian-Tsong Ng, Xiaolong Li

    IEEE Transactions on Image Processing : a Publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society
    |February 24, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study analyzes JPEG compression noise in higher cycles, finding noise distributions differ and depend on quantization parameters. A new statistical model accurately estimates JPEG quantization steps, revealing image compression history.

    More Related Videos

    A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
    08:12

    A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

    Published on: March 1, 2022

    3.1K
    Quantifying Microglia Morphology from Photomicrographs of Immunohistochemistry Prepared Tissue Using ImageJ
    08:44

    Quantifying Microglia Morphology from Photomicrographs of Immunohistochemistry Prepared Tissue Using ImageJ

    Published on: June 5, 2018

    74.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

    Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns
    13:44

    Detection of Architectural Distortion in Prior Mammograms via Analysis of Oriented Patterns

    Published on: August 30, 2013

    43.9K
    A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
    08:12

    A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

    Published on: March 1, 2022

    3.1K
    Quantifying Microglia Morphology from Photomicrographs of Immunohistochemistry Prepared Tissue Using ImageJ
    08:44

    Quantifying Microglia Morphology from Photomicrographs of Immunohistochemistry Prepared Tissue Using ImageJ

    Published on: June 5, 2018

    74.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Digital Image Processing
    • Signal Processing
    • Information Theory

    Background:

    • JPEG compression introduces quantization and rounding noise.
    • Noise in the first compression cycle is well-studied.
    • Statistical models for JPEG noise in higher compression cycles are less understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To statistically analyze JPEG noise in higher compression cycles.
    • To develop a statistical model for JPEG noise in repeated compression.
    • To apply the model for estimating JPEG quantization parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Statistical analysis of quantization and rounding noise.
    • Modeling noise distributions in successive JPEG compression cycles.
    • Developing a sufficient statistic for quantization step estimation.

    Main Results:

    • Noise distributions in higher JPEG compression cycles differ from the first cycle.
    • Noise distributions are dependent on quantization parameters between cycles.
    • The proposed statistical model accurately estimates JPEG quantization steps.

    Conclusions:

    • The statistical model provides insights into JPEG noise in higher compression cycles.
    • The developed estimator can effectively uncover JPEG compression history.
    • Accurate quantization step estimation is achievable using the derived noise models.