The effect of temperature on bisphenol: an elution from dental resins

Bisphenol A (BPA) elution from baby bottles into content has been of great public interest and debate in recent year. Uncontrolled BPA elution due to temperature increase may create a risk factor for human health. However, dental resins that are used in pediatric dentistry also have BPA derivatives. The aim of this study is to evaluate BPA elution from dental resins and to determine the effect of temperature increase on this elution.

Four dental resins containing BPA derivatives (Filtek Z250, Filtek Supreme XT, Fissurit FX, and Admira) and a control group (BPA free G-aenial) were used in this study. Each specimen was stored in 2 ml of 75% ethanol-water solution at 37°C. Water at a temperature of 59°C ± 1°C (preferred temperature of hot drinks) was added to the study samples at certain time intervals (1, 6, 24 hours and 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 days). The methanol samples were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data was analyzed using multivariate and repeated measures analysis of variance (p < 0.05).

The study samples generally eluted more BPA than the control samples (p < 0.05). The greatest amount of BPA for an individual time period was measured after 6 hours for the groups A to D; the same was found after 24 hours for group E.

While the BPA elution levels evaluated in the study samples were more than control samples, all measured values were under the reference levels and the amounts do not constitute a risk.

Resin-based dental materials can act as a source of BPA (within safety margins), especially when they react with hot water.