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Related Concept Videos

Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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This lesson details the instrumentation of a mass spectrometer—a physical instrument to perform mass spectrometry on analyte molecules and record the characteristic mass spectra. This is achieved via three chief functions:
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The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
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MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

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Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
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A microelectromechanical systems-enabled, miniature triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.

Steven Wright1, Andrew Malcolm1, Christopher Wright1

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Researchers developed a miniaturized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer for field applications. This compact instrument enables sensitive pesticide detection, similar to larger lab-based systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Instrumentation Science

Background:

  • Miniaturized mass spectrometers offer novel field and lab applications.
  • Triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometers are crucial for quantitative analysis but lack miniaturization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the development of a field-deployable miniaturized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.
  • To demonstrate its capability for sensitive and accurate quantitative analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A highly miniaturized ion optical assembly with six microengineered components was developed.
  • The assembly integrates ion generation, vacuum interface, ion guiding, fragmentation, and mass analysis.
  • The system was tested for detecting the pesticide thiabendazole in apples.

Main Results:

  • The miniaturized ion optical assembly successfully generated ions at atmospheric pressure and performed mass analysis.
  • The collision cell demonstrated efficient fragmentation, producing product ion spectra comparable to conventional instruments.
  • Thiabendazole was detected in apples at a concentration of 10 ng/g.

Conclusions:

  • A miniaturized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer suitable for field deployment has been successfully developed.
  • This compact instrument retains the quantitative capabilities of larger systems.
  • It opens possibilities for novel field-based analytical applications.