Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

112
Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
112
Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

77
The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
77
Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

94
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
94
Methods to Assess Microbial Communities01:19

Methods to Assess Microbial Communities

50
Microbial communities, comprising bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotic microorganisms, inhabit diverse ecosystems and play crucial roles in environmental and biological processes. Their diversity is defined by three main parameters: species richness (the number of distinct species), species abundance (the relative quantity of each species), and species evenness (how uniformly individual species are distributed in various locations). These factors together shape the structure and ecological balance...
50
Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

60
The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
60

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Gut microbiome features associated with Bifidobacterium colonization predict personalized probiotic persistence patterns.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Exploring the concept of bacterial memory.

Nature microbiology·2025
Same author

Toward a health-associated core keystone index for the human gut microbiome.

Cell reports·2025
Same author

Temporal stability and lack of variance in microbiome composition and functionality in fit recreational athletes.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Host-microbe multi-omics and succinotype profiling have prognostic value for future relapse in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Gut microbes·2025
Same author

International consensus statement on microbiome testing in clinical practice.

The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Separation of Coral Host Tissues and Algal Symbionts and Analyzing Their Metabolites
09:01

Author Spotlight: Separation of Coral Host Tissues and Algal Symbionts and Analyzing Their Metabolites

Published on: October 13, 2023

2.8K

Separating the microbiome from the hyperbolome.

Fergus Shanahan1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Republic of Ireland.

Genome Medicine
|February 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbiome-based therapies show clinical promise, including fecal transplants for C. difficile and potential new biomarkers for complex diseases. Research is exploring if the microbiome can truly revolutionize medicine.

More Related Videos

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

31.6K
Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis
11:25

Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis

Published on: July 11, 2014

35.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Separation of Coral Host Tissues and Algal Symbionts and Analyzing Their Metabolites
09:01

Author Spotlight: Separation of Coral Host Tissues and Algal Symbionts and Analyzing Their Metabolites

Published on: October 13, 2023

2.8K
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
11:22

Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Published on: October 15, 2019

31.6K
Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis
11:25

Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis

Published on: July 11, 2014

35.3K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The human microbiome plays a critical role in health and disease.
  • Microbiome-based interventions are emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue.
  • Current successes include fecal microbial transplants for recurrent Clostridium difficile infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the current state and future potential of microbiome-based therapies.
  • To assess the clinical viability of microbial biomarkers for complex diseases.
  • To critically examine the hype surrounding microbiome applications in medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical successes in microbiome therapy.
  • Analysis of emerging antibiotic and biomarker research.
  • Assessment of the translation of microbiome research into clinical practice.

Main Results:

  • Fecal microbial transplants demonstrate efficacy for recurrent Clostridium difficile.
  • Early indications suggest potential for novel antibiotics derived from microbes.
  • Microbial biomarkers show promise for diagnosing and managing complex diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Microbiome-based therapies are rapidly advancing towards clinical application.
  • Further research is needed to validate the full potential of microbiome interventions.
  • The microbiome holds significant promise for transforming healthcare, but realistic expectations are necessary.