Spontaneous Bone Healing after Cysts Enucleation without Bone Grafting Materials: A Randomized Clinical Study

Area of Science:

• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine
• Dental Radiology

Background:

• Jaw cysts are common pathologies requiring surgical intervention.
• Current treatments often involve bone grafting materials to aid regeneration.
• The potential for spontaneous bone healing after cyst removal is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of spontaneous bone regeneration following jaw cyst enucleation.
• To assess bone cavity reduction and density changes without bone grafting materials.

Main Methods:

• 18 patients with jaw cysts underwent enucleation without bone grafting.
• Radiographic scans were used to measure bone cavity dimensions before and after surgery (minimum 6 months).
• A computerized method (Nemoceph program) analyzed linear measurements for cavity reduction percentage.

Main Results:

• Significant average reduction in bone cavity dimensions: 85.59% (horizontal), 89.53% (vertical), and 88.98-89.81% (diagonal).
• Overall average reduction of 88.47%, with greater reduction in vertical and diagonal measurements.
• Complete bone regeneration (100%) in 12 patients; >50.4% in the remaining 6.
• Increased bone density observed in postoperative radiographs.

Conclusions:

• Spontaneous bone regeneration is achievable after jaw cyst enucleation in many cases.
• Enucleation alone can lead to substantial bone fill and increased density.
• This approach may reduce the need for bone grafting materials in select patients.